Net Zero refers to a state in which human-caused greenhouse gas emissions are balanced by human-led removals (including ecosystem restoration, direct air carbon capture and storage, reforestation and afforestation, enhanced weathering, biochar and other effective methods). The Paris Agreement underlines the need for net zero– in fact, it requires states to ‘achieve a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century’.